《Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery》 ›› 2021, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 142-149. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4979.2021.03.003

• Basic Scientific Study • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship between inter-implant distances and peri-implantitis: An experimental study in the dog

HU Jiahui(), WANG Haicheng, HUANG Jie, ZHOU Xiaotian, WANG Zuolin()   

  1. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
  • Received:2020-06-18 Revised:2020-08-03 Online:2021-06-28 Published:2021-07-08

种植体间距与种植体周炎关系的实验研究

胡佳慧(), 王海丞, 黄洁, 周笑天, 王佐林()   

  1. 上海牙组织修复与再生工程技术研究中心,同济大学口腔医学院,同济大学附属口腔医院口腔种植科,上海 200072
  • 通讯作者: 王佐林,教授. E-mail: zuolin@tongji.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:

    胡佳慧(1994—),女,湖南长沙人,硕士研究生. E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81271110)

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate whether the incidence of peri-implantitis was associated with adjacent implants inserted at different inter-implant distances. Methods: The bilateral mandibular teeth from second premolar to first molar of 6 beagle dogs were extracted. After tooth extraction for 8 weeks, the implants were placed with the help of a digital surgical guide. Each dog received 4 implants in the hemimandible. Implants were placed so that 3 inter-implant distances were created at 1, 2, 3 mm group. The peri-implant clinical periodontal indexes were recorded at the time of 2 weeks and 3 months after implant placement. Samples from peri-implant soft tissue were collected and analyzed by sequencing the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. X-ray parallel projection radiographs were taken for imaging measurement at the time of 1, 2, 3 months after implant placement. After 3 months of dental implantation, the mandibular bones were retrieved. The sections were stained with Van Gieson(VG) dye solution. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 25.0 software. Results: The indexes of probing depth(PD), bleeding on probing(BOP) and plaque index(PI) of 1 mm group were significantly higher than 2 mm and 3 mm groups. The frequencies of the sites about PI≥2 were significantly the highest in 1 mm group, and so were the sites about PD≥5 mm or BOP(+) meeting the criteria of peri-implantitis. The analysis of the microbial community structure showed that the relative abundance of Treponema, Tannerella and Prevotella in 1 mm group was higher than that in 3 mm group. Statistically significant differences were found in regard to marginal bone resorption(MBR) and crestal bone resorption(CBR) in comparing 1 mm group with the other two groups by X-ray examination. Histological observation revealed that 1 mm group showed lower crest bone position than the other two groups. There were no significant differences between 2 mm and 3 mm groups in the above results. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that peri-implantitis is more likely to happen in 1 mm inter-implant distance than that in 2 mm and 3 mm distances. 1 mm distance group showed the highest PI and significant bone resorption and soft tissue inflammation, while no significant bone resorption happened in 2 mm and 3 mm distance group.

Key words: inter-implant distance, peri-implantitis, animal model, digital surgical guide, bone resorption

摘要:

目的:探究不同种植体间距与种植体周炎发生的关系。方法:拔除6只比格犬的双侧下颌第二前磨牙至第一磨牙,拔牙后8周在数字化外科导板辅助下行种植术。每侧植入连续的4枚种植体,种植体间距分别设置为1、2、3 mm,共3个组别。术后2周和3个月时记录种植体周临床牙周指数,术后3个月时采集种植体龈周菌斑行16S rRNA基因测序,分别于术后1、2、3个月时拍摄X线平行投照根尖片进行影像学测量;术后3个月时进行取材,制作硬组织切片并行Van Gieson(VG)染色,用SPSS 25.0软件作统计学分析。结果:1 mm组的种植体周探诊深度(probing depth, PD)、探诊出血(bleeding on probing, BOP)阳性率、菌斑指数(plaque index, PI)均明显高于2 mm组和3 mm组;1 mm组中,满足PI≥2的检测位点数最多,且符合种植体周炎诊断标准的PD≥5 mm或BOP阳性检测位点数明显高于其他2组。菌斑群落结构分析显示,1 mm组密螺旋体属(Treponema)、坦纳菌属(Tannerella)和普氏菌属(Prevotella)的相对丰度较3 mm组更高。X线片结果显示,1 mm组边缘骨吸收(marginal bone resorption,MBR)与嵴顶骨吸收(crestal bone resorption,CBR)明显大于其他2组。组织学观察结果显示,3组中,1 mm组骨嵴顶高度较其他2组明显降低。2 mm组与3 mm组比较,以上指标的差异均无统计学意义。结论:相对于2 mm组和3 mm组,1 mm组PI最高,且发生了明显的骨吸收和软组织炎症,而2 mm组和3 mm组没有发生明显的骨吸收。因此,1 mm的种植体间距更容易发生种植体周炎。

关键词: 种植体间距, 种植体周炎, 动物模型, 数字化外科导板, 骨吸收

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