Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the possible risk factors leading to adverse outcomes in patients with oral and maxillofacial space infection (OMSI) and to provide references for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods: The clinical data of 320 patients with OMSI who were admitted from January 2012 to October 2022 were collected. The χ² test was used to analyze the effects of patient sex, age, time from infection onset to medical consultation, affected anatomical spaces, infection etiology, number of involved spaces, bacterial culture results, whether diabetes mellitus (DM) was present, whether incision and drainage was performed, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil percentage (NEUT%), white blood cell count (WBC) on patient hospitalization outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was further performed to identify risk factors for adverse outcomes in OMSI patients. Results: This study included a total of 320 patients, 49 (15.3%) had adverse outcomes, which included 24 cases of severe complications, 32 cases of hospitalization exceeding 15 days, and 1 death. The χ² test indicated that age, number of involved spaces, whether DM was present, whether incision and drainage was performed, WBC, NEUT% and CRP were risk factors for adverse outcomes in OMSI patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that comorbid DM, no performance of incision and drainage, and NEUT exceeding 90% were independent risk factors for adverse outcomes in OMSI patients. Conclusion: The likelihood of adverse outcomes is relatively high in OMSI patients. Comorbid DM, absence of incision and drainage, and NEUT exceeding 90% were significant risk factors for adverse outcomes in these patients.

Key words: oral and maxillofacial space infection, complications, adverse outcomes, univariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis

摘要：

目的：探讨口腔颌面部间隙感染（oral and maxillofacial space infection，OMSI）患者不良结局的相关危险因素，为临床防治工作提供参考。方法：收集2012年1月至2022年10月期间在我院进行治疗的OMSI患者的临床资料，通过χ²检验分析患者性别、年龄、感染至就诊时间、感染受累间隙部位、感染原因、受累间隙数量、细菌培养结果、是否合并糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）、是否切开引流、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein，CRP）、中性粒细胞百分比（neutrophil percentage，NEUT%)和白细胞计数(white blood cell count，WBC)对患者住院结局的影响，进一步通过多因素logistic回归分析探讨OMSI患者发生不良结局的危险因素。结果：本研究共纳入320例OMSI患者，有49例（15.3%）患者出现不良结局，其中发生严重并发症者24例、住院超过15 d者32例、死亡患者1例。χ²检验结果表明，年龄、受累间隙数量、是否合并DM、是否切开引流、WBC、NEUT%、CRP与不良结局的发生存在显著关联；多因素logistic回归分析结果表明，合并糖尿病、未行切开引流和NEUT >90%是OMSI患者发生不良结局的危险因素。结论：OMSI患者发生不良结局的概率较高，合并糖尿病、未行切开引流和NEUT >90%是OMSI患者发生不良结局的危险因素。

关键词: 口腔颌面部间隙感染, 并发症, 不良结局, 单因素分析, 多因素logistic回归分析