摘要：

目的：探讨康复新液联合甲硝唑在下颌阻生第三磨牙（impacted mandibular third molar，IMTM）拔除术后的临床疗效。方法：收集2022年1月—2023年5月在我院接受IMTM拔除术的100例患者，根据创面处理方案的不同将其分为3组：A组（填塞明胶海绵）34例；B组（康复新液+明胶海绵）30例；C组（康复新液+甲硝唑+明胶海绵）36例。收集患者临床资料，采用卡方检验对术后7 d牙槽窝肉芽覆盖完整率，干槽症及其他并发症发生率进行比较，采用Kruskal-Wallis检验比较术后24 h开口受限人数，采用单因素方差分析比较术后24 h视觉模拟评分法（visual analogue scale，VAS）评分、术后24 h面部肿胀程度、牙槽窝愈合时间、牙槽骨高度、骨密度灰度值、牙槽骨宽度、生活质量综合评定问卷（generic quality of life inventory-74，GQOLI-74）评分。结果：与A组比较，B组术后24 h VAS评分、面部肿胀程度、Ⅲ度开口受限人数、牙窝愈合时间和术后7 d牙槽窝肉芽覆盖完整率显著改善（P<0.05）；C组在上述指标上均优于A组和B组（P<0.05）。B组干槽症及其他并发症发生率低于A组（P<0.05），而C组低于A组和B组（P<0.05）。术后3个月，3组牙槽骨高度均低于术前（P<0.05），但B组和C组均高于A组（P<0.05）；骨密度灰度值均高于术前（P<0.05），其中B组高于A组，C组高于A组和B组（P<0.05）。术后7 d，3组GQOLI-74评分均高于术前（P<0.05），B组GQOLI-74评分高于A组，C组高于A组和B组（P<0.05）。结论：康复新液联合甲硝唑可有效促进IMTM拔除术后患者的恢复，预防干槽症等并发症的发生，对牙槽骨吸收也具有一定的改善作用。

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of kangfuxin liquid combined with metronidazole in patients with impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM) extraction. Methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent IMTM extraction surgery at our hospital from January 2022 to May 2023 were enrolled. They were divided into 3 groups according to different wound treatment regimens: Group A (packing with gelatin sponge) with 34 cases; Group B (kangfuxin liquid + gelatin sponge) with 30 cases; Group C (kangfuxin liquid + metronidazole + gelatin sponge) with 36 cases. The clinical data of the patients were collected. The chi-square test was used to compare granulation tissue coverage rates, dry socket syndrome and the incidence of complications 7 days after surgery. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the number of patients with limited opening 24 hours after surgery. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 24 hours after surgery, degree of facial swelling 24 hours after surgery, healing time of alveolar socket, height of alveolar bone, gray value of bone mineral density, width of alveolar bone, generic quality of life inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) scores. Results: Compared with group A, the VAS scores, the degree of facial swelling, the number of patients with grade Ⅲ limited opening 24 hours after the operation in Group B, and the healing time of the alveolar socket, the complete coverage rate of granulation tissue in the alveolar socket 7 days after the operation were significantly improved (P<0.05). Group C was superior to Group A and Group B in all the above indicators (P<0.05). The incidence of dry socket and other complications in Group B were lower than those in group A (P<0.05), while those in Group C were lower than those in both Group A and Group B (P<0.05). Three months after the operation, the alveolar bone heights in all three groups were lower than those before the operation (P<0.05), but those in Group B and Group C were higher than those in Group A (P<0.05). The gray values of bone mineral density were all higher than those before the operation (P<0.05), among which Group B was higher than Group A, and Group C was higher than both Group A and Group B (P<0.05). Seven days after the operation, the GQOLI-74 scores of all three groups were higher than those before the operation (P<0.05). The GQOLI-74 score of Group B was higher than that of Group A, and that of Group C was higher than that of Group A and Group B (P<0.05). Conclusion: Kangfuxin liquid combined with metronidazole can effectively promote the recovery of patients after IMTM extraction, prevent the occurrence of complications such as dry socket, and reduce the alveolar bone absorption to some extent.

中图分类号: 

• 康复新液

• 甲硝唑

• 明胶海绵

• 下颌阻生拔除术

• 干槽症

• 牙槽骨吸收

• kangfuxin liquid

• metronidazole

• gelatin sponge

• impacted mandibular third molar extraction

• dry socket

• alveolar bone absorption