摘要： 目的：探讨前牙美学区单个种植义齿龈乳头高度的影响因素。方法：对2009-01—2011-12，于同济大学口腔医院种植科行美学区单个种植义齿修复的患者进行回顾性研究。共30例患者30枚Straumann种植义齿纳入本研究。种植义齿负载半年后，通过临床测量、照片评价、模型测量及根尖片测量对软硬组织进行评估。应用调查问卷及视觉测量尺(visual analog scale,VAS)获得患者满意度。结果：牙龈乳头指数为3的患者，其植体—邻牙距离[(2.7±0.9) mm ]和颊侧龈乳头与舌侧龈乳头底部宽度[(7.7±0.6) mm]，均大于牙龈乳头指数为2或1时，后二者的植体—邻牙距离分别为(1.9±0.9)、(1.5±0.8) mm，颊舌侧龈乳头宽度分别为(7.2±0.6)、(6.6±0.8) mm。而龈乳头指数3为的患者，接触点至牙槽嵴顶的距离[(4.1±0.9) mm]小于牙龈乳头指数为2或1的患者[(5.9±2.3)、(6.5±2.5) mm]。上述差异均具有统计学意义。患者满意度与医师对美学效果的评价无显著相关性。结论：植体—邻牙距离、颊侧龈乳头与舌侧龈乳头底部宽度、种植义齿与邻牙的接触点至牙槽嵴顶的距离，是影响龈乳头高度的因素。

关键词: 单个种植义齿, 美学区, 龈乳头高度

Abstract: Objective:  To explore factors affecting papilla level around single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla. Methods: 30 patients, who were treated with single-tooth implants restoration in the esthetic area of the upper jaw from January 2009 to December 2011, were enrolled in this retrospective study. 30 Straumann implants were inserted. After loading half a year, evaluation of the soft and hard tissues were performed by clinical measurements, digital photography, model observation, and peri-apical radiography. A questionnaire and a visual analog scale (VAS) were used to assess the level of patient satisfaction regarding the esthetic outcome. Results: The distance between implant and adjacent tooth as well as facio-lingual thickness of the papilla base in papilla index score 3 was significantly longer than those in papilla index score 2 or 1.The data of which was [(2.7±0.9) mm vs (1.9±0.9), (1.5±0.8) mm] and [(7.7±0.6) mm vs (7.2±0.6), (6.6±0.8) mm], respectively. The distance between the contact point and the bone level at the adjacent tooth in index score 3 was significantly shorter than those in index score 2 or 1.The data of which was [(4.1±0.9) mm vs (5.9±2.3), (6.5±2.5) mm], respectively. All the afore mentioned differences were statistically significant. Aesthetic satisfaction between patients and doctors didn't conform to be significantly different.  Conclusion: The probability of a complete papilla fill was significantly affected by the implant-tooth distance, facio-lingual thickness of the papilla base and the distance between contact point and bone level of the tooth.

Key words: single-tooth implant, esthetic zone, papilla level

中图分类号: 

• R782.13