摘要： 目的：探讨直径与长度连续变化时选择种植体尺寸的方法。方法：运用Pro/E和ANSYS软件建立不同长度(7~16 mm)、不同直径(3~6 mm)的三维有限元模型，施加垂直荷载和侧向荷载，观察种植体位移峰值和骨组织Von-Mises应力峰值等评估指标。结果：垂直或侧向荷载作用下，随着直径和长度的增大，各评估指标均明显下降(60%~80%)，相关度分析显示，两种荷载下直径的影响均较大(约90%)，长度的影响与荷载有关(垂直荷载：18%~60%；侧向荷载：<7%)。直径-长度比兼顾种植体直径与长度，当确定皮质骨承载力及安全系数，便可由直径-长度关系曲线选择合适的种植体直径与长度。结论：种植体直径与长度均可明显影响种植体位移和骨组织应力峰值。本文介绍的直径长度比法可为临床医生选择、优化种植体提供一种新的思路。

关键词: 种植体直径, 种植体长度, 直径长度比, 相关度, 有限元分析

Abstract: Objective:  The aim of this study was to discuss the methodology of selecting implant with continuous changes of diameter and length. Methods:  The Pro/engineering software was used to created 3-D models of dental implants with different diameters (3 mm~6 mm) and length (7 mm~16 mm), being assembled to 3-D models of mandible bone segments, which were imported into ANSYS finite element analysis software and meshed to create finite models. The values of displacement and Von-Mises stress of implant and bone were obtained, after models were loaded with vertical force and oblique load. Results: After models were loaded both by vertical and oblique loads, with the increase of implant diameter and length, the values of each evaluation indicators were significantly reduced (60%~80%). Effect of implant diameter was more significant (≈90%), the implant length was related to the types of loading (vertical force: 18%~60%; oblique load: <7%). The ratio construed by diameter and length was used for the selection of dental implants when safety factor was determined. Conclusion: Increasing the implant diameter and length can significantly reduce the displacement of implant and stress of bone tissue. Introduction of methodology of diameter-length ratio establishes a new practical and effective method for implants selection in clinical practices.

Key words: dental implants diameter, dental implants length, diameter-length ratio, relevancy, finite element analysis

中图分类号: 

• R782.13