摘要： 目的：探讨MRI检查在上颈部囊性病变中的诊断价值。方法：36例上颈部囊性肿物，术前行穿刺检查和MRI检查以明确囊液性质、嚢肿范围、来源及信号强度。根据囊液性质及MRI检查特点，决定手术方法，术后病理确诊。结果：穿刺囊液为蛋清样黏液23例，为淡黄色水样液体6例，为灰色脓汁样液体5例。另有2例患者不配合未能行穿刺检查。MRI检查T1低信号、T2高信号且囊肿有“尾状征”与口底关系密切者25例，诊断为潜突型舌下腺囊肿，采用口内入路摘除舌下腺，其余11例采用颈部入路。术后病理证实潜突型舌下腺囊肿25例，淋巴管瘤6例，鳃裂囊肿5例。所有术后病理确诊与术前诊断相符，随访3~36月，未见有患者复发。结论：上颈部囊性病变术前MRI检查，有助于术前明确诊断，以正确指导手术，避免盲目颈部探查手术。

关键词: 上颈部；  , 囊性病变；  , 潜突型舌下腺囊肿；  , 诊断； , MRI

Abstract: Objective:  To explore the diagnostic value of MRI technique applied for cervical cystic lesions. Method:  36 cases with cervical cystic lesions were checked preoperatively by puncture examination and/or MRI. Results:  There were 23 cases with the cystic fluid like egg white, 6 cases with pale yellow watery fluid and 5 cases with gray pus-like fluid. Another 2 patients didn't complete puncture examination because of poor cooperation. 25 MRI images clearly showed the cystic wall was originated from the ipsilateral sublingual gland, 11 patients without correct preoperative diagnosis by MRI. The patients with low signal T1 and hyperintensity signal T2 and "tail syndrome" in MRI were subject to using intraoral approach to remove the sublingual gland. There was no patient of recurrence within 3 to 36 months follow-up. The postoperative pathology confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. Conclusion: MRI examination can clearly show the travel and origin sites of cystic lesions of the neck and contribute to get correct diagnosis preoperatively.

Key words: superior neck location; , cystic disease; , plunging ranula, diagnosis; , MRI

中图分类号: 

• R739.81