摘要： 目的: 探讨成人正常圆孔的解剖形态，为临床提供指导。方法: 通过锥形束CT（CBCT）对200个正常国人的圆孔解剖形态进行观测。结果: 圆孔与蝶窦的关系分为窦旁型、窦内型、部分窦内型3类。矢状面上圆孔的走行分为3类: ①斜向前下方走行; ②前后向走行，平行于横断面走行; ③斜向前上方走行。（斜）横断面或横断面上圆孔的走行分3类：①前外到后内方走行；②由前向后互相平行走行；③前内向后外方向走行。矢状面上圆孔前方开口的直径为（3.35±0.61）mm，后方开口的直径为（3.28±0.60）mm，长度为(6.91±1.51)mm；（斜）横断面上圆孔前方开口的直径为(3.50±0.76)mm，后方开口的直径为（3.25±0.45）mm，长度为（6.83±1.76）mm；腭大孔到圆孔前方开口的距离为(34.91±2.31)mm。结论: CBCT可以精确地观测到圆孔的解剖形态，为临床手术提供指导。

关键词: CBCT, 圆孔, 蝶窦, 上颌神经阻滞麻醉

Abstract: Objective: To assess the anatomical features of  foramen rotundum (FR) in normal adult persons. Methods： Data of anatomy relating the FR was examined and obtained by CBCT scans of 200 normal Chinese persons. Results：Three types of position related to the FR and the sphenoid sinus were discovered: ①FR obviously within the sphenoid sinus； ②FR partly within the sphenoid sinus； ③FR outside the sphenoid sinus. In the sagittal plane, three pathways were observed:①FR travelled in an anterior-inferior direction；②FR travelled in an anterior-posterior direction, parallel to the axial plane；③FR travelled  in an behind-inferior direction. In the oblique axial plane or the axial plane, three pathways were observed: ①FR travelled from anterior-external to behind-inside； ②FR travelled in an anterior-poster direction, parallel to level plane；③FR travelled from anterior-inside  to behind- external. In the sagittal plane, the length of FR  was (6.91±1.51) mm, while the diameters of its anterior and posterior opening were (3.35±0.61) mm and (3.28±0.60) mm respectively. In the cross-sectional plane, the length of FR was (6.83±1.76) mm, while the diameters of its anterior and posterior opening were (3.50±0.76) mm and (3.25±0.45) mm respectively. The distance between the greater palatine foramen and the FR was (34.91±2.31) mm. Conclusion：CBCT provides high quality images if we use small field of view, and may play an important role to improve the clinical performance.

Key words: CBCT, the foramen rotundum, the sphenoid sinus；maxillary nerve block anesthesia

中图分类号: 

• R445