摘要： 目的：通过对成年人的CBCT资料进行回顾性研究，研究下颌舌侧副孔发生率及情况，以期为临床上正颌外科手术及下颌前牙区种植术的风险规避提供参考。方法：选取60例符合条件的成年人CBCT资料，男女各30例，按性别进行分组。分别对下颌前牙区舌侧副孔的数量及位置分布进行统计，并测量舌侧副孔距离牙槽嵴顶和下颌骨下缘的距离、副孔与舌侧骨板所成角度。分析性别、左右侧，对副孔的发生率有无影响。结果：共发现下颌舌侧副孔175个，人均（2.9±0.59）个。其中以发现3个/人居多，最多的4个/人，最少的1个/人，没有未发现副孔者。男性总计发现87个副孔，女性发现88个副孔。男性舌侧正中副孔距下颌下缘平均距离为（13.2±3.2） mm，与舌侧骨板所成角度平均为（100.1±17.02）°；侧切牙区舌侧副孔距下颌下缘距离平均为（27.35±3.81） mm，与舌侧骨板所成角度平均为（141±13.12）°。女性舌侧正中副孔距离下颌下缘距离平均为（12.82±3.38） mm，与舌侧骨板所成角度平均为（103.5±18.34）°；女性侧切牙区舌侧正中副孔距离下颌下缘距离平均为（26.13±4.5） mm，与舌侧骨板所成角度平均为（137.1±15.95）°。副孔分布从近中向远中呈降低趋势。性别、左右侧对副孔距离牙槽嵴顶和下颌骨下缘的距离影响不大。结论：下颌前牙区舌侧副孔发生率较高，临床操作需注意风险评估。
关键词:
下颌骨,
前牙区,
舌侧副孔,
锥形束CT（CBCT）
Abstract: Objective: A retrospectively study on the CBCT data of adults to explore the distribution of the lingual foramen in mandibular anterior area, and discuss its clinic value in avoiding risks of orthognathic surgery and mandibular anterior implants. Methods: The CBCT data of 60 eligible adults in our hospital were selected, and grouped by gender (30 males, 30 females). The number and location of the accessory mandibular foramina were counted, and the distance between the foramina and the alveolar crest were measured. The distance between the foramina to the lower margin of the mandibular and the angle between the foramina and the lingual bone plate were analyzed. Results: A total of 175 accessory mandibular foraminas were found, with average of (2.9±0.59)/person, of which 3/person were mostly, up to 4/person, at least was 1/person. There were 87 accessory mandibular foraminas for men and 88 for women. As for men, in the middle of the mandible, the average distance between foramina and the lower margin of the mandibular was (13.2±3.2) mm, the angle dimension between the foramina and the lingual bone plates was (100.1±17.0)° on average. For lateral incisor area, the average distance between foramina and the lower margin of the mandible was (27.35±3.81) mm, the angle size between the foramina and the lingual bone plate lingual bone plate was (141±13.12)° on average. However for women, in the middle of the mandibular, the average distance between foramina and the lower margin of the mandibular was (12.82±3.38) mm, the angle size between the foramina and the lingual bone plate was (103.5±18.34)° on average. For lateral incisor area in women, the average distance between foramina and the lower margin of the mandible was (26.13±4.5) mm, the angle size between the foramina and the lingual bone plate was (137.1±15.95)° on average. The accessory mandibular foramina incidence decreased from the medial region to the distal. There was no significant difference in the the distance between the accessory mandibular foramina to alveolar crest and to the lower margin of the mandibular. Conclusion: The incidences of accessory mandibular lingual foramina are high, clinical practice requires careful risk assessment.
Key words:
mandible,
front teeth area,
accessory mandibular foramina,
CBCT
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