摘要：

目的： 利用锥形束CT（cone beam computed tomography，CBCT）观察不同年龄段人群的下颌舌侧孔(mandibular lingual foramen，MLF)的解剖特点，并为临床操作规避风险提供参考依据。方法： 选取280例患者的下颌骨CBCT影像，未成年组（6~17岁）、青年组（18~39岁）、中年组（40~59岁）、老年组（60岁以上）各70例。观察MLF的数量、直径、分布、距舌侧牙槽嵴顶的距离及MLF延伸管道的走行，比较不同年龄段的解剖特点。结果： MLF的高发区是正中联合区和前磨牙区，正中联合区颏棘上孔检出率最高且直径较大；未成年组MLF检出率小于其他3组，青年组和未成年组、老年组的舌侧孔直径相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），中年组和未成年组、老年组的舌侧孔直径相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；下颌舌侧管(mandibular lingual canal，MLC)管壁清晰度与年龄呈正相关（r=0.141）。结论： MLF检出率较高，相关手术之前建议拍摄CBCT，熟悉该解剖结构，避免发生严重的术后并发症。

关键词: 下颌骨, 舌侧孔, 舌侧管, 锥形束CT

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the anatomical characteristics of mandibular lingual foramen (MLF) in different age groups by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), so as to provide reference for clinical operation to avoid risk.Methods: CBCTimages of 280 patients' mandible were selected, including underage group (6-17 years old), young group (18-39 years old), middle-aged group (40-59 years old) and elderly group (over 60 years old), 70 cases in each group. The number, diameter, distribution of the lingual foramen, the distance from the lingual alveolar crest and the shape of the mandibular lingual canal were observed, and the anatomical characteristics between different age groups were compared.Results: The high incidence areas of the mandibular lingual foramen were the medial region of the body of mandible and the premolar area. The superior foramen of mental spine in the median area has the highest detection rate and larger diameter. The detection rate of the MLF in the underage group were lower than those in the other three groups. The diameter of lingual foramen in young group was significantly different from that in underage group and elderly group (P<0.01). The diameter of lingual foramen in middle-aged group was significantly different from that in underage group and elderly group (P<0.01), and the clarity of mandibular lingual canal (MLC) wall was positively correlated with age (r=0.141).Conclusion: The detection rate of MLF is high, so it is recommended to take CBCT examination before relevant surgery, so as to be familiar with the anatomical structure and avoid serious postoperative complications.

Key words: mandible, lingual foramen, lingual canal, cone beam computed tomography

中图分类号: 

• R782