摘要： 牙齿缺失后，由于生理性的改建或缺乏生理性的刺激，牙槽骨逐渐萎缩和吸收、牙槽骨高度和宽度降低，最终造成骨量不足，为后期种植和义齿修复增加了难度和风险。虽然研究证实剩余牙槽嵴的吸收是不可避免的，但如何最大限度减少骨组织的吸收仍是目前研究的热点。 位点保存(site preservation/ridge preservation/socket preservation)指凡是能够达到阻断或减少吸收及龈乳头萎缩的方法,目前有术式改良、自体移植或人工材料应用等各种尝试，但效果优劣尚无定论。本文就目前最常用的拔牙位点保存方法作一综述。

关键词: 牙槽嵴保存；  , 拔牙；  , 骨吸收

Abstract: Atrophy and absorbed gradually of alveolar bone will occur in the patients after tooth extraction, because of the physiological rebuilding or the lack of a physiological stimulation. The procedures include height and width reducing of alveolar, and eventually cause alveolar bone deficiency, which increased the difficulty and risk for the later implants and prosthodontics. Although studies have confirmed the absorption of residual alveolar ridge is inevitable, the ways of minimizing or reducing the absorption of bone, are hot points of research now. In this article, the most commonly methods of tooth sites preservation is reviewed and compared.

Key words: alveolar ridge preservation, extraction, bone resorption

中图分类号: 

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• R782.13