摘要： 目的：分析西南地区颌面部间隙感染患者的临床特征，探讨其危及生命的并发症及相关的潜在危险因素。方法：对2011—2015间四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院口腔颌面外科收治的 174例颌面部间隙感染患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究，采用SPSS 19软件进行统计分析。结果：174例患者中，60岁以上的患者（P=0.006）、患有糖尿病的患者（P=0.013）及感染累及间隙患者的数量（P=0.020）与并发症的发生有显著的关系。入院前应用抗生素时间越长的患者，住院时间越长（P<0.001），感染更容易累及2个以上的间隙（P=0.01），入院后使用更高级的抗生素（喹诺酮类）（P<0.001）及采用两联抗生素治疗（P=0.007）的可能性更大。结论：对于西南较偏远地区，完善抗生素使用的相关医药法规，普及抗生素使用及口腔医疗保健相关知识，加强基础医疗设施建设，是减少颌面部间隙感染发病率，减少其并发症的有效措施。

关键词: 颌面部间隙；  ,  , 感染；  ,  , 并发症；  ,  , 抗生素；  ,  , 治疗方案

Abstract:  Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with maxillofacial space infection in southwest China and to explore the potential risk factors associated with life-threatening complications. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 174 patients treated for maxillofacial space infection from 2011 to 2015, at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital was conducted. SPSS 19.0 software was used for analysis. Results: In 174 patients, those over 60 years of age (P=0.006), chronic disease of diabetes mellitus (P=0.013), and the quantity of spaces involved by infection (P=0.020) were highly vulnerable factors associated with the occurrence of complications. The longer the patients used antibiotics before admission, the longer they stay in hospital, and the infection is more likely to involve more than 2 spaces. These patients were treated with more advanced antibiotics after admission, and mostly using two antibiotics simultaneously. Conclusions: Awareness of the prevalence, presenting characteristics, associated anomalies, and techniques for early diagnosis, will allow better treatment plans and prediction for the prognosis of maxillofacial space infections.

Key words: maxillofacial space, infection, complications, antibiotics, treatment

中图分类号: 

•  

• R782.4