摘要： 目的：评价后牙即刻种植的方法、效果以及临床意义。方法：对能满足即刻种植的20颗后牙经微创拔牙后，翻瓣或不翻瓣植入种植体，种植体周围植入骨粉，翻瓣者则覆盖生物膜。种植体植入3~6个月后常规取模，完成上部修复结构。种植体完成修复后随访6~34个月。结果：所有种植牙随访期间内正常行使功能，美学效果令人满意。CT示颊侧骨板骨吸收为（-0.65 mm±1.29 mm）；近远中骨吸收为（1.23 mm±0.23 mm）。统计显示：即刻种植术前与术后龈乳头指数及种植体近远中骨吸收无明显差异，即刻种植后种植体颊向骨板吸收及种植体稳定系数与拔牙后牙槽嵴吸收有差异。结论：后牙即刻种植能有效维持种植体周围软硬组织的高度和宽度，对有即刻种植适应证的患者，可减少手术次数，缩短治疗时间，临床效果可靠。

关键词:  即刻种植, 骨吸收, 前磨牙及磨牙

Abstract: Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the therapeutic outcomes of posterior tooth immediate implantation. Methods: 17 patients(20 teeth) provided informed consents underwent  minimally invasive extraction of posterior teeth. Immediate implant placement were done by flap or flapless procedures, filled with bone grafting materials or covered with biological membrane. 3~6 months after implantation, impression and restoration were completed and followed for 6~24 months. Clinical, radiologic, and esthetic parameters were assessed. Results: During the follow-up, all dental implant were in normal function and satisfactory aesthetic effect. CT showed the buccal bone plate absorption was(-0.65 mm±1.29 mm); distal and misial bone resorption was (1.23 mm±0.23 mm). Statistic analysis showed that, the distal and mesial bone resorption and gingival papilla index, before and after immediate implant surgery, had no significant difference. But, the implant stability quotient and the buccal bone plate absorption had significant difference. Conclusion: This retrospective case series review demonstrats stable peri-implant hard and soft tissues for all 20 implants, and pleasing esthetic outcomes overall.

Key words:  , immediate implant, bone resorption, posterior teeth

中图分类号: 

• R782.1