摘要： 目的：分析即刻种植术后可能影响上颌牙槽嵴改建的因素。方法：共80例接受上颌即刻种植的患者，在上颌前牙及前磨牙区拔牙后即刻植入80枚种植体。检查并记录如下数据：①种植体表面距颊侧牙槽嵴外侧骨板的距离；②种植体颊侧水平骨缺损距离；③ 种植体颊侧垂直缺损距离。并于术后4个月行二期手术时复查上述数据。依据以下3个原则进行分析：颊侧牙槽骨厚度；缺牙位置；是否因牙周病拔牙。结果：当颊侧骨板较厚时，牙槽嵴吸收量较少。前磨牙区域牙槽嵴吸收量较少。结论：颊侧骨板的厚度及缺牙位置均有可能影响术后牙槽嵴的改建。在行即刻种植术时，临床医师必须密切关注种植体颊侧骨板的厚度，水平缺损的宽度等条件。

关键词: 即刻种植；  , 牙槽嵴改建；  , 影响因素

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the factors which may influence the maxillary alveolar ridge alterations after immediate implantation. Methods: Data were obtained from 80 patients who received immediate dental implants (80 implants) in anterior and premolar segments in maxilla. Following data were recorded: ① The distance between the implant surface and the outer border of the bone crest. ② The distance between the implant surface and the inner border of the bone crest. ③ The vertical residual gap were checked. The above variables were examined again four months later. Statistical treatment was based on the following principles: ① The thickness of the buccal bone wall. ② The position of the missing tooth. ③ The cause of tooth extraction. Results: In cases which the buccal bone wall was thick, the amount of bone absorption was small. In the premolar segment, the absorption of alveolar ridge was less than the incisor-canine segment. Conclusion: The thickness of buccal bone wall and position of missing tooth, may influence the maxillary alveolar ridge alterations after immediate implantation. Clinicians must consider the thinkness of the buccal bony wall and the horizontal gap in the practice during immediate implants.

Key words: immediate implant, alveolar ridge alterations, factors

中图分类号: 

• R782.13

• R816.98