下颌火器伤三维有限元动物模型的建立及生物力学分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-4979.2020.06.006

《口腔颌面外科杂志》 ›› 2020, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 376-381. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-4979.2020.06.006

下颌火器伤三维有限元动物模型的建立及生物力学分析

徐帅¹(), 陈渝斌², 张纲¹, 何海涛³, 谭颖徽¹()

¹ 陆军军医大学第二附属医院口腔科，重庆 400037
² 璧山区人民医院口腔科，重庆 402760
³ 陆军军医大学第三附属医院口腔科，重庆 400042

收稿日期:2020-04-16 修回日期:2020-05-31 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2024-03-20
通讯作者: 谭颖徽，教授. E-mail: tanyhxqkq@163.com
作者简介:
徐帅（1987—），男，四川眉山人，主治医师，博士. E-mail: 714877110@qq.com
基金资助:
军队“十二五”第二批重点项目(BGZ1500J001); 国家青年科学基金(8160873); 重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2016jcyjA0090)

Biomechanical Analysis and Fabrication of 3D Finite Element Animal Model on Gunshot Wound of the Mandible

XU Shuai¹(), CHEN Yubing², ZHANG Gang¹, HE Haitao³, TAN Yinghui¹()

¹ Department of Stomatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037
² Department of Stomatology, Bishan District People's Hospital, Chongqing, 402760
³ Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China

Received:2020-04-16 Revised:2020-05-31 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2024-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的：建立猪下颌火器伤三维有限元（finite element model, FEM）模型，探讨颌面部软硬组织火器伤致伤过程及生物力学特点。方法：通过猪颌面部CT 数据，利用Mimics软件、HyperMesh软件和LS-DYNA软件建立猪咬肌、下颌骨火器伤模型，同时采用7.62 mm制式子弹致伤离体猪下颌，验证该火器伤模型的可靠性。结果：建立的猪下颌软硬组织火器伤模型与真实猪颌面部解剖结构相似, 成功模拟了7.62 mm制式子弹致伤猪下颌的过程，并与实测的猪下颌火器伤致伤结果相似。结论：成功建立了猪下颌软硬组织火器伤FEM模型，为颌面部软硬组织火器伤损伤特点、损伤机制的研究提供了新的方法。

关键词: 火器伤, 动物模型, 有限元分析, 生物力学

Abstract:

Objective: To establish a 3-dimensional finite element model (FEM) of gunshot injuries in the mandible of pigs and to explore the process and biomechanical characteristics of gunshot injuries in maxillofacial region. Methods: Mimics, HyperMesh and LS-DYNA software were used to build a gunshot injury FEM of pig masseter muscle and mandible bone based on CT data. The FEM was validated by using the 7.62 mm bullet to injure the mandible of pig in vitro. Results: A FEM of gunshot injury to soft and hard tissue of and was similar to real pig′s mandible was established pig′s maxillofacial anatomy. The process of gunshot injury to the mandible of pigs by 7.62 mm bullet was successfully simulated, which was similar to the result of gunshot injury in the mandible of pigs. Conclusion: The FEM model of soft and hard tissue gunshot wound in pig mandible was established successully, which may provide a new method for the study of the characteristics and mechanism of gunshot injury in the maxillofacial region.

Key words: gunshot injuries, animal model, finite element analysis, biomechanics

徐帅, 陈渝斌, 张纲, 何海涛, 谭颖徽. 下颌火器伤三维有限元动物模型的建立及生物力学分析[J]. 《口腔颌面外科杂志》, 2020, 30(6): 376-381.

XU Shuai, CHEN Yubing, ZHANG Gang, HE Haitao, TAN Yinghui. Biomechanical Analysis and Fabrication of 3D Finite Element Animal Model on Gunshot Wound of the Mandible[J]. 《Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery》, 2020, 30(6): 376-381.

https://journal06.magtech.org.cn/Jweb_joms/CN/Y2020/V30/I6/376

图/表 5

图1 猪下颌火器伤致伤实验模式图注：A. 弹着点示意图（箭头所示）；B. FEM模型剖面局部放大图，蓝色：骨皮质，红色：骨松质，棕色：子弹，黄色：弹着点。

Figure 1 Experimental model of gunshot injury to the mandible of pigs

表1 猪下颌火器伤FEM仿真材料的力学参数

Table 1 Material properties of the FEM model of gunshot injuries in the mandible of pigs

材料参数	骨皮质	骨松质	子弹
杨氏模量/MPa	13 700	1 370	210 000
泊松比	0.3	0.3	0.284
屈服应力/MPa	50	1.8	260
失效应变/%	0.44	1.5	0.33

图2 猪下颌咬肌-下颌骨软硬组织有限元模型注：A. 咬肌三维有限元模型；B. 咬肌-下颌骨软硬组织三维有限元模型。

Figure 2 FEM model of masseter muscle and mandibular bone of the pig

图3 咬肌-下颌骨软硬组织火器伤仿真结果与猪下颌子弹致伤高速摄影结果比较注：A. 猪下颌子弹致伤高速摄影结果（30、200、500 μs）；B. 火器伤FEM动态模拟结果（30、200、500 μs）。

Figure 3 Comparison between experimental and simulation gunshot injury of masseter muscle and mandibular bone of the pig

表2 子弹仿真速度与动物实验速度比较

Table 2 Velocity of entrance and exit of experiment and simulation results

投射物致伤参数	实验数据	仿真数据
入射速度（m/s）	734.11±11.83	734.11
剩余速度（m/s）	711.05±14.26	714.19^*

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