骨细胞钙动力学的稳态与失衡

doi:10.12439/kqhm.1005-4979.2026.02.002

《口腔颌面外科杂志》 ›› 2026, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 91-97. doi: 10.12439/kqhm.1005-4979.2026.02.002

骨细胞钙动力学的稳态与失衡

聂孟冬(), 强金彪, 史册()

吉林大学口腔医院口腔病理科，吉林省牙发育及颌骨重塑与再生重点实验室，长春　130021

收稿日期:2025-10-21 接受日期:2025-11-14 出版日期:2026-04-28 上线日期:2026-04-28
通讯作者: 史册，主任医师. E-mail: ceshi@jlu.edu.cn

作者简介:

聂孟冬，硕士研究生. E-mail: niemd23@mails.jlu.edu.cn

史册，教授，主任医师，博士研究生导师。入选“教育部长江学者奖励计划——青年学者”。吉林大学超分子结构与材料国家重点实验室博士后；美国密歇根大学牙学院访问学者。中华口腔医学会口腔病理学专业委员会常务委员；国际牙医师学院（International College of Dentists，ICD）Fellow。主持国家自然科学基金项目3项，发表SCI收录论文30余篇。第二批国家级一流本科课程负责人，获省科技进步奖一等奖1项、省教学成果一等奖1项。

基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(82270959); 国家自然科学基金(81970903)

Homeostasis and imbalance of calcium dynamics in osteocytes

NIE Mengdong(), QIANG Jinbiao, SHI Ce()

Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Jawbone Remodeling, Changchun 130021, China

Received:2025-10-21 Accepted:2025-11-14 Published:2026-04-28 Online:2026-04-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

骨骼是一个动态变化的器官，其稳态的维持依赖于骨细胞对机械负荷的精密感知与响应。Ca²⁺信号作为这一过程的早期关键信号，可以将外部力学信号转化为细胞内的生化信号，进而通过影响骨形成和骨吸收维持骨稳态。近年来，部分研究已对骨细胞正常的钙动力学进行了探究，并发现骨骼相关疾病如骨质疏松症的发生与骨细胞钙动力学的异常密切相关。因此，本文旨在系统综述骨细胞钙动力学稳态及其在病理状态下的失衡，以期深入理解骨稳态的生理调节基础，并为从骨细胞钙动力学角度解析相关骨疾病的病理机制提供重要依据。

关键词: 骨细胞, 钙动力学, 钙振荡, 流体剪切力, 骨质疏松症

Abstract:

The skeleton is a dynamically changing organ, and its homeostasis is maintained through the precise perception and response of osteocytes to mechanical load. The Ca²⁺ signal, as an early key signal in this process, can convert external mechanical signals into intracellular biochemical signals, and then maintain bone homeostasis by influencing bone formation and bone resorption. In recent years, some studies have explored the normal calcium dynamics of osteocytes and found that the occurrence of bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis were closely related to the abnormal calcium dynamics of osteocytes. Therefore, this article aims to systematically review the calcium dynamics homeostasis of osteocytes and its imbalance in pathological states, in order to deeply understand the physiological regulatory basis of bone homeostasis, and provide important evidence for analyzing the pathological mechanisms of related bone diseases from the perspective of calcium dynamics of osteocytes.

Key words: osteocyte, calcium dynamics, calcium oscillation, fluid flow shear stress, osteoporosis

中图分类号:

聂孟冬, 强金彪, 史册. 骨细胞钙动力学的稳态与失衡[J]. 《口腔颌面外科杂志》, 2026, 36(2): 91-97.

NIE Mengdong, QIANG Jinbiao, SHI Ce. Homeostasis and imbalance of calcium dynamics in osteocytes[J]. 《Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery》, 2026, 36(2): 91-97.

https://journal06.magtech.org.cn/Jweb_joms/CN/Y2026/V36/I2/91

图/表 4

图1 骨细胞的Ca²⁺转运过程

Figure 1 The Ca²⁺ transport process of osteocytes

图2 静息状态及机械负荷状态下骨细胞的钙振荡模式 A.静息状态下多个骨细胞的钙振荡模式，不同颜色代表不同骨细胞个体；B.稳态及振荡FFSS下骨细胞的钙振荡模式。

Figure 2 Calcium oscillation patterns of osteocytes under resting and mechanical loading conditions

表1 不同生理条件下骨细胞钙振荡模式的变化

Table 1 Changes in the calcium oscillation patterns of osteocytes under different physiological conditions

生理条件	钙波幅度	钙波频率	钙响应细胞比例	钙波响应速度	钙波同步性
机械负荷vs静息	↑	↑	↑	↑	-
振荡FFSS vs稳态FFSS	↓	↓	NS	↓	-
MLO-Y4 vs MLO-A5	↑	↑	↑	↑	-
衰老骨细胞vs年轻骨细胞	NS	NS	↓	↓	↓

表2 病理状态下骨细胞的钙振荡变化、原因与结果

Table 2 Changes, causes and consequences of calcium oscillation in osteocytes under pathological conditions

病理状态	钙振荡变化	原因	结果
绝经后骨质疏松症	低应变下钙响应细胞比例↓	树突中机械体复合物表达↓	尚未明确
失用性骨质疏松症	钙波频率及幅度↓	ATP合成↓	骨形成↓，骨吸收↑
2型糖尿病相关骨骼脆性增加	钙波频率及幅度↓	SERCA2表达↓	骨形成↓，骨吸收↑

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