摘要： 目的： 比较经舌侧骨板切除术和舌侧骨板劈开术拔除低位近中或水平阻生下颌第三磨牙的效果。方法：对78例低位近中或水平阻生下颌第三磨牙患者，随机分成2组进行手术拔牙。其中38例采取经舌侧骨板切除术式拔牙(切除组)，40例采取舌侧骨板劈开术式拔牙（劈开组），同期标准对照。比较两组手术的时间、张口度和吞咽痛等的差异。结果：所有病例均达一期愈合。劈开组的手术时间显著短于切除组（P＜0.05)。术后第2天张口度劈开组显著大于切除组(P＜0.05)；术后第7天张口度两组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。术后第2天吞咽疼痛的发生率劈开组显著低于切除组(P＜0.05)；术后第7天两组吞咽疼痛的发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论：舌侧骨板劈开术拔除低位前倾及水平阻生下颌第三磨牙，较经舌侧骨板切除术式节省手术时间，术后组织反应较小。

关键词: 下颌第三磨牙,  ,  , 阻生齿, 拔牙, 舌侧骨板劈开术,  ,  , 舌侧骨板切除术

Abstract: Objective: To compare the effects between resection of lingual bone and splitting of lingual bone in extraction of lower wisdom teeth. Methods: 78 patients with mesioangular or horizontal lower impacted mandibular third molar were randomly divided into two groups:  group 1 (n=38) using resection of lingual bone plate to extract the wisdom tooth, group 2(n=40) using splitting of lingual bone plate. The extraction time, the width of the mouth opening,  and the incidence of odynophagia were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results: All patients healed at day 7 postoperatively. The extraction time of splitting group was significant fewer than that in resection group（P＜0.05). The width  of the mouth opening in splitting group was significant greater than that in resection group（P＜0.05) at day 2 postoperatively, while at day 7, the difference disappeared (P>0.05). The incidence of odynophagia in splitting group was significant less than that in resection group（P＜0.05) at day 2 postoperatively, while at day 7, no difference were observed (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate that splitting method is more superior than resection method.

Key words: mandibular third molar, impacted tooth； extraction； split of lingual bone plate, resection of lingual bone plate

中图分类号: 

• R782.1